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13 Reasons Why
Genre
Based onThirteen Reasons Why
by Jay Asher
Developed byBrian Yorkey
Starring
  • Grace Saif
Narrated by
  • Katherine Langford (season 1)
  • Various (season 2)
  • Grace Saif (season 3)
Opening theme'Oh in This World of Dread, Carry On' by Eskmo[1]
Composer(s)Eskmo [1]
Country of originUnited States
Original language(s)English
No. of seasons3
No. of episodes39 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
  • Brian Yorkey
  • Joy Gorman Wettels
  • Mandy Teefey
  • Kristel Laiblin
Producer(s)
CinematographyAndrij Parekh[2]
Editor(s)Leo Trombetta
Camera setupSingle-camera
Running time49–71 minutes
Production company(s)
  • July Moonhead Productions
  • Kicked to the Curb Productions
Distributor
Release
Original networkNetflix
Picture format4K (Ultra HD)[3]
Audio formatDolby Digital 5.1
Original releaseMarch 31, 2017 –
present
External links
Website

13 Reasons Why (stylized onscreen as TH1RTEEN R3ASONS WHY) is an American teen dramaweb television series developed for Netflix by Brian Yorkey, based on the 2007 novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher. The series revolves around seventeen-year-old high school student, Clay Jensen, and his deceased friend Hannah Baker, who takes her own life after having to face a culture of gossip, bullying and sexual assault at her high school and a lack of support from her friends, her family and her school. A box of cassette tapes recorded by Hannah in the weeks preceding her suicide detail why she chose to end her life. The series is produced by July Moon Productions, Kicked to the Curb Productions, Anonymous Content and Paramount Television, with Yorkey and Diana Son serving as showrunners.

Dylan Minnette stars as Clay Jensen, while Katherine Langford plays Hannah Baker. Christian Navarro, Alisha Boe, Brandon Flynn, Justin Prentice, Miles Heizer, Ross Butler, Devin Druid, Amy Hargreaves, Derek Luke, Kate Walsh, and Brian d'Arcy James also star. A film from Universal Pictures based on Thirteen Reasons Why began development in February 2011, with Selena Gomez set to star as Hannah, before being shelved in favor of a television series and Netflix ordering the first season in October 2015, with Gomez instead serving as an executive producer.

The first season was released on Netflix on March 31, 2017. It received positive reviews from critics and audiences, who praised its subject matter and acting, particularly the performances of Minnette and Langford. For her performance, Langford received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Television Series Drama.[4] However, its graphic depiction of issues such as suicide and rape, along with other mature content prompted concerns from mental health professionals. In response, Netflix added a warning card and from March 2018 on, a video that plays at the start of each season warning viewers about its themes.[5] In July 2019, Netflix edited out the suicide scene in the first season's final episode.[6]

In May 2017, Netflix renewed 13 Reasons Why for a second season; filming began the next month and concluded that December. The second season was released on May 18, 2018, and received mixed reviews from audiences. Coinciding with the release of the second season, Netflix released a video with the cast that cautioned viewers on some of the topics covered in the show and provided a support website with crisis numbers for people affected by depression, anxiety and other mental health issues.[7] A third season was ordered in June 2018 and was released on August 23, 2019. In August 2019, the series had been renewed for a fourth and final season.[8] Critical and audience reaction to the series has been divided, with the program generating controversy between audiences and industry reviewers alongside acquiring a loyal following.[9][10][11]

  • 2Cast and characters
    • 2.2Recurring
  • 3Episodes
  • 4Production
  • 5Reception
    • 5.2Critical response
  • 8References

Premise[edit]

In season one, seventeen-year-old Clay Jensen returns home from school one day to find a mysterious box on his porch. Inside he discovers thirteen cassette tapes recorded by Hannah Baker, his deceased classmate who killed herself two weeks earlier. On the tapes, Hannah unfolds an intensely emotional audio diary, detailing why she decided to end her life. It appears each person who receives this package of old-style tapes is fundamentally related to why she killed herself. Clay is not the first to receive the tapes, but there is implied detail as to how he should pass the tapes on after hearing them. There appears to be an order to distribution of the tapes, with an additional copy held by an overseer should the plan go awry. Each tape recording refers to a different person involved in Hannah's life contributing to a reason for her suicide (mostly referring to both her friends and enemies).[12]

In season two, months after Hannah's suicide, Clay and the other people mentioned on the tapes, as well as close friends and Hannah's family members, become embroiled in a civil legal battle between Hannah's parents and Liberty High School. Alleging negligence on the part of the school, Hannah's mother pursues her perception of justice, while her reluctance to settle pre-trial and her personal circumstances eventually break up her marriage with Hannah's father. The story unfolds with narratives illustrating Hannah's story told by those who were present in court at the trial.

Clay, who perceives himself as Hannah's failed protector, embarks on an investigation using whatever evidence he can find in an effort to impact on the civil case between Hannah's parents and the school. Clay also endeavors to expose the corrupted culture of the high school and its favor of wealthy jocks over the average student, which especially compromises the integrity of young girls such as Hannah.

Season three is set eight months after the end of season two. Clay and his friends are struggling to cope with the cover-up of Tyler's attempted massacre at the Spring Fling, while helping him towards recovery. However, acrimonious tensions reach a boiling point during Liberty High's Homecoming game, which results in the murder of Bryce Walker. The students of Liberty High are once again forced under the microscope as the investigation into Bryce's death threatens to expose their darkest secrets. [13]

Cast and characters[edit]

Dylan Minnette and Katherine Langford (left to right)

Main[edit]

  • Dylan Minnette as Clay Jensen, a close friend of Hannah who becomes obsessed with finding out what happened to her.[14]
  • Katherine Langford as Hannah Baker, a teenager whose suicide and recorded audio cassettes spark the events of the series.[14] (seasons 1–2)[15]
  • Christian Navarro as Tony Padilla, Clay's best friend at Liberty High who tries to help him deal with Hannah's death.[14]
  • Alisha Boe as Jessica Davis, a student who starts attending Liberty High at the same time as Hannah.[14]
  • Brandon Flynn as Justin Foley, a student at Liberty High who comes from an abusive family and is in a relationship with Jessica.[14] He is responsible for setting the events of the series into motion by being the first person to humiliate Hannah after their first date. At the end of season two, Justin is adopted by Clay's parents and now lives with Clay as his brother.
  • Justin Prentice as Bryce Walker, a student from a rich family and the captain of the football team and pitcher on the baseball team at Liberty High. He is a notorious serial rapist, known to rape unconscious girls and also assaulted Hannah in his hot tub. He is murdered between seasons 2 and 3; his killer's identity and motive being the season's main conflict.[14] (seasons 1–3) [16]
  • Miles Heizer as Alex Standall, a student at Liberty High, the ex-boyfriend of Jessica and a former friend of Hannah.[14]
  • Ross Butler as Zach Dempsey, a kindhearted friend of Justin and Bryce at Liberty High.[14]
  • Devin Druid as Tyler Down, a bullied student at Liberty High and an avid photographer.[14]
  • Amy Hargreaves as Lainie Jensen, Clay's attorney mother.[17]
  • Derek Luke as Kevin Porter, a guidance counselor at Liberty High.[18] (seasons 1–2; guest season 3)
  • Kate Walsh as Olivia Baker, Hannah's mother and Andy's wife, who is determined to uncover the truth about the events leading to her daughter's suicide.[18] (seasons 1–2; guest season 3)
  • Brian d'Arcy James as Andy Baker, Hannah's father and Olivia's husband.[19] (season 2; recurring season 1)
  • Grace Saif as Amorowat Anysia 'Ani' Achola, a new student at Liberty High, who has an unknown prior criminal history and is close to Clay and Jessica (season 3)[8]
  • Brenda Strong as Nora Walker, Bryce's mother. (season 3; recurring season 2)[20]
  • Timothy Granaderos as Montgomery 'Monty' de la Cruz, a bully who is a student at Liberty High (season 3; recurring seasons 1–2)
  • Gary Sinise as Dr. Robert Ellman, a compassionate, incisive, no-nonsense adolescent and family therapist who works to help Clay Jensen battle anxiety, depression and grief (season 4)[21]

Recurring[edit]

Introduced in season one[edit]

  • Josh Hamilton as Matt Jensen, a college professor and Clay's father.
  • Michele Selene Ang as Courtney Crimsen, a closeted student at Liberty High who is responsible for spreading rumors about Hannah to protect the secret of her own sexual orientation. In season 2, she comes out on the stand during the trial of Hannah Baker, confessing her actions against Hannah that landed her on the tapes.
  • Steven Silver as Marcus Cole, the self-centered student body president at Liberty High, who is responsible for humiliating and attempting to sexually assault Hannah on a date. In season 2, he is suspended from school after lying on the stand during the trial and following the leaked release of the tapes soon after.
  • Ajiona Alexus as Sheri Holland, a student and cheerleader at Liberty High who forms a bond with Clay but is also on the tapes when her actions result in Jeff's accidental death.
  • Tommy Dorfman as Ryan Shaver, a student at Liberty High who betrayed Hannah's trust.
  • Sosie Bacon as Skye Miller, an estranged friend of Clay. In the second season, Skye and Clay date for while before she leaves for a 'fresh start', following another self-harm incident which resulted in her bipolar disorder diagnosis.
  • Brandon Larracuente as Jeff Atkins, a student at Liberty High and friend of Clay who died in a tragic car accident.
  • Steven Weber as Gary Bolan, the principal at Liberty High.
  • Keiko Agena as Pam Bradley, the Communications teacher at Liberty High.
  • Mark Pellegrino as Bill Standall, a Crestmont deputy sheriff and Alex's father.
  • Joseph C. Phillips as Greg Davis, a member of the United States Air Force and Jessica's father.
  • Andrea Roth as Noelle Davis, Jessica's mother.
  • Cindy Cheung as Karen Dempsey, Zach's mother.
  • Anna Zavelson as May Dempsey, Zach's younger sister.
  • Henry Zaga as Brad, Tony's boyfriend. In season 2, it is revealed that the couple broke up sometime between the events of season 1 and 2.
  • Giorgia Whigham as Kat, a friend of Hannah and her former next-door neighbor.
  • Robert Gant as Todd Crimsen, one of Courtney's fathers.
  • Alex Quijano as Steve Crimsen, one of Courtney's fathers.
  • Wilson Cruz as Dennis Vasquez, the lawyer representing Hannah's parents at the end of season 1, during season 2 and guest season 3.
  • Ross Turner as Mr. Wood, Liberty High School math teacher.
  • Matthew Alan as Seth Massey, a drug dealer and Justin's mother's live-in boyfriend, who is abusive toward Justin.
  • Jackie Geary as Amber Foley, Justin's mother, a passive drug addict.
  • Tom Everett Scott as Mr. Down, Tyler's father.
  • Maria Dizzia as Mrs. Down, Tyler's mother.
  • Kimko Gelman as Jane Childs, the vice principal at Liberty High.
  • Brittany Perry-Russell as Tracy Porter, Mr. Porter's wife.
  • Gary Perez as Arturo Padilla, Tony's father.

Introduced in season two[edit]

  • Parminder Nagra as Priya Singh, the school counsellor at Liberty High.
  • Anne Winters as Chlöe Rice, a smart, clueless, popular girl at Liberty High and the new head cheerleader who is also Bryce's girlfriend. At the end of season 2, it is revealed that she is pregnant.
  • Jake Weber as Barry Walker, Bryce's father.[22]
  • Meredith Monroe as Carolyn Standall, Alex's mother.[22]
  • R.J. Brown as Caleb, Tony's boxing trainer and boyfriend.[22]
  • Bryce Cass as Cyrus, an edgy, cynical mischief maker who serves as an unexpected champion of the downtrodden. He befriends Tyler and the two together embark on smear campaigns against bullies.[23]
  • Chelsea Alden as Mackenzie, Cyrus' sister, an artsy and witty girl who is not afraid to speak her mind. In season 2, she briefly develops a relationship with Tyler, though the latter breaks it up.[23]
  • Allison Miller as Sonya Struhl, a smart and ambitious young litigator, who defends the school during the Hannah Baker trial.[23]
  • Brandon Butler as Scott Reed, a student at Liberty High who is on the baseball team.[23]
  • Samantha Logan as Nina Jones, a well-respected track star who befriends Jessica over shared sexual assault pasts.[23]
  • Kelli O'Hara as Jackie, a passionate advocate for victims of bullying.[23]
  • Ben Lawson as Rick Wlodimierz, the baseball coach at Liberty High, who supports and protects his players.[23]
  • Keon Motakhaveri as Chad Moore, one of Cyrus' friends.
  • Spencer Moore II as Michael, one of Nina's friends.
  • James Cretan as Eric Cox, one of Cyrus' friends.
  • Mason Guccione as Toby Fletcher, one of Cyrus' friends.
  • Mikko Edwards as Jada, a cheerleader at Liberty High.

Introduced in season three[edit]

  • Tyler Barnhardt as Charlie St. George, a jock at Liberty High that is friends with Montgomery but kind at heart.
  • Bex Taylor-Klaus as Casey Ford, a member of HO and Jessica's friend.
  • Austin Aaron as Luke Holliday, a jock at Liberty High.
  • Hart Denton as Dean Holbrook, a student at Hillcrest that doesn't like Bryce.
  • Deaken Bluman as Winston Williams, a student at Hillcrest that hooks up with Montgomery.
  • Nana Mensah as Amara Josephine Achola, Ani's strict mother and the Walker's nurse/housekeeper.
  • Benito Martinez as Evergreen County Sheriff Diaz, the main Sheriff in Bryce's murder case.
  • Marcus DeAnda as Mr. de la Cruz, Montgomery's abusive father.
  • Raymond J. Barry as Harrison Chatham, Nora's sick father and Bryce's grandfather.
  • Brandon Scott as Coach Kerba, the football coach at Liberty High, who is hard on the players to get them to shape up.

Episodes[edit]

SeasonEpisodesOriginally released
113March 31, 2017
213May 18, 2018
313August 23, 2019

Season 1 (2017)[edit]

No.
overall
No. in
season
TitleDirected byWritten byOriginal release date
11'Tape 1, Side A'Tom McCarthyBrian YorkeyMarch 31, 2017

Clay Jensen finds a box filled with audio cassette tapes anonymously left on his front doorstep. He plays the first in his father's boombox and realizes they have been recorded by his recently deceased classmate Hannah Baker before he accidentally drops and breaks the boombox when surprised by his mother. Clay steals his friend Tony's Walkman to continue listening. Clay listens to the first tape, in which Hannah begins to relate the experiences that led to her suicide. She starts by sharing the story of her first kiss, with Justin Foley, who goes on to inadvertently spread a salacious rumor that begins the sequence of events leading to her suicide. Clay is revealed, through numerous short flashbacks, to have been in love with Hannah and to have worked with her at the local movie theater. It is revealed in this episode that Hannah has put her friend Tony in charge of the tapes.

Tape subject: Justin Foley, for spreading a racy picture of Hannah along with a sexual rumor about their encounter.
22'Tape 1, Side B'Tom McCarthyBrian YorkeyMarch 31, 2017

Hannah reminisces about her friendship with two other new students: Jessica, who moves frequently because her father is in the Air Force, and Alex, whom they met at a coffee shop. Jessica and Alex eventually begin a relationship and stop spending time with Hannah. When Alex breaks up with Jessica, she very publicly blames Hannah. In the present, Hannah's mother, Olivia, finds a note in her daughter's textbook that leads her to believe Hannah was being bullied. Clay asks Jessica about the tapes, which results in Bryce Walker's circle of peers meeting to discuss how Clay is listening to Hannah's recordings.

Tape subject: Jessica Davis, for mistakenly blaming Hannah for her breakup with Alex.
33'Tape 2, Side A'Helen ShaverDiana SonMarch 31, 2017

As Clay attempts to pursue a romantic relationship with Hannah, her relationships are threatened by a 'best/worst list' made by Alex Standall, who has put a 'target' on Hannah. In the present, Hannah's mother, Olivia Baker, seeks out the school principal about her suspicion of bullying and makes a disturbing discovery. In the midst of his investigation, Clay turns to Alex for answers, who not only feels regret for his actions on the tapes, but also warns Clay against trusting Tony, whom Clay later sees in a violent exchange with his brothers. As Justin tries to recuperate from his recent slump, Bryce strong-arms Clay and Alex into a drinking contest in an alleyway.

Tape subject: Alex Standall, for listing Hannah's ass as the best in school to make Jessica Davis jealous and for destroying her friendship with Jessica.
44'Tape 2, Side B'Helen ShaverThomas HigginsMarch 31, 2017

Hannah hears someone outside her window, and confesses to her friend, Courtney, that she has a stalker. Courtney offers to help her catch the offender in the act. While waiting for the stalker to arrive, they play an alcohol-fueled game of truth or dare that leads to the two of them kissing on Hannah's bed. The stalker, school photographer Tyler Down, takes a photo of the girls and sends it around the school. This effectively ends Courtney and Hannah's friendship as Courtney distances herself from Hannah to avoid being revealed as one of the people in the photograph. In the present, Clay goes to Hannah's house and talks to her mother, though is unable to admit how close he and Hannah were. He also confronts Tony about the incident with his brothers. Tony responds that 'people have to make their own justice' and proves he has an extra set of tapes. Inspired by this, Clay takes a naked picture of Tyler and sends it around the school in revenge.

Tape subject: Tyler Down, for stalking Hannah and spreading the photo of her and Courtney's kiss around the school.
55'Tape 3, Side A'Kyle Patrick AlvarezJulia BicknellMarch 31, 2017

Courtney, afraid of her classmates finding out about her sexuality, spreads a rumor that the girls in the leaked photos are Hannah and Laura, an openly lesbian classmate. Courtney also adds to the rumor about Hannah and Justin, worsening Hannah's poor reputation. In the present, Clay takes Courtney to visit Hannah's grave. She leaves, not ready to face her involvement in the loss of her classmate or be more open about her sexuality. Tony arrives with Clay's bike and gives him a tape with the song he and Hannah danced to at the Winter Formal. Later, Justin, Zach and Alex force Clay into the car with them by stealing his bike and scare him into silence about the tapes by driving over the speed limit. They are pulled over by the police but face no consequences as the officer is revealed to be Alex's father. Clay denies knowing Hannah to his mother, who has been asked to represent the school in the lawsuit the Bakers are bringing.

Tape subject: Courtney Crimsen, for deflecting attention about both her sexuality and the photo Tyler took of her and Hannah by spreading further rumors about Hannah.
66'Tape 3, Side B'Kyle Patrick AlvarezNic SheffMarch 31, 2017

Hannah's date on Valentine's Day with Marcus does not go as planned due to the rumors that she is promiscuous. In the present, Alex gets into a fight with Montgomery and they both must appear before the student honor board. Clay helps Sheri on an assignment, and they nearly hook up, but Sheri reveals she is only there because she is on the tapes and wants Clay to like her despite her role in Hannah's death.

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Tape subject: Marcus Cole, for humiliating and attempting to sexually assault Hannah in public on their Dollar Valentine date.
77'Tape 4, Side A'Gregg ArakiElizabeth BenjaminMarch 31, 2017

After Hannah refuses to go out with Zach, he gets revenge by sabotaging her emotionally during a class project. Zach removes compliments from Hannah's box, affecting her self-confidence. In the present, Clay hears Zach's tape and keys his car in an act of revenge, but things turn out to be different than they appeared. Clay is now having both auditory and visual hallucinations of Hannah during the day, including seeing her dead body on the floor of the basketball court during a game and hearing her tape playing over the school's intercom system. He returns the tapes to Tony, unable to continue listening.

Tape subject: Zach Dempsey, for stealing the 'positive notes' destined to Hannah in Communications class out of revenge for her rejecting him and his help.
88'Tape 4, Side B'Gregg ArakiKirk MooreMarch 31, 2017

Hannah is touched by poetry recited by fellow student Ryan Shaver, and joins the Evergreen Poetry Club, a place where people write and perform their own poetry, and listen and critique others. Hannah presents some extremely revealing and confessional poetry at the poetry club after Ryan encourages her. Ryan betrays her by publishing the poem without her knowledge or consent in his school magazine. Almost everyone in school finds the poem hilarious, but Clay is both touched and disturbed by it, not realizing Hannah is the author. In the present day, Tony confides to Clay about the night of Hannah's death, and Clay takes back the tapes. Clay later gives the poem to Hannah's mother.

Tape subject: Ryan Shaver, for stealing a poem Hannah wrote detailing her personal problems and publishing it in the school newspaper without her consent.
99'Tape 5, Side A'Carl FranklinHayley TylerMarch 31, 2017

While hiding in Jessica's room during a party, Hannah witnesses Bryce Walker raping an unconscious and intoxicated Jessica. In the present, Marcus warns Clay the worst is yet to come and again attempts to scare him into silence about the tapes, this time by planting drugs in his backpack to get him suspended from school. Clay finally admits to his mother that he and Hannah were close. After getting suspicious legal advice from his mother, he goes to Justin's apartment to retrieve his bike and talk about getting justice for Jessica. Justin finally admits that what happened in the tapes is real, and claims it is better if Jessica does not know the truth.

Tape subject: Justin Foley (and seemingly Hannah Baker herself), for allowing Bryce to rape his girlfriend Jessica.
1010'Tape 5, Side B'Carl FranklinNathan Louis JacksonMarch 31, 2017

After the party, Hannah gets a ride home from her classmate, cheerleader Sheri Holland. They have what appears to be a minor accident, knocking over a stop sign. While Hannah wants to call the police to report it, Sheri refuses to do so, because she is afraid she will get in trouble. While Hannah is on her way to find a phone to call the authorities, the downed stop sign causes a serious accident at that intersection, resulting in the death of Clay's friend Jeff Atkins, which was incorrectly considered a drunk driving accident. When Hannah tries to tell Clay about the stop sign, he pushes her away, thinking she is being unnecessarily dramatic. In the present, Jessica's behavior becomes more erratic. Clay finds out that Sheri is trying to make up for her mistake in her own way, and he tells Jeff's parents that Jeff was sober when he died.

Tape subject: Sheri Holland, for abandoning Hannah after crashing her car into a stop sign, which ultimately caused the death of Jeff Atkins.
1111'Tape 6, Side A'Jessica YuDiana SonMarch 31, 2017

With Tony's support, Clay finally listens to his tape and is overcome with guilt to the point of contemplating his own suicide because he feels he did not do enough to prevent Hannah's death. Tony manages to calm him down. Justin finds out Jessica is at Bryce's home. He confronts her there and admits that Bryce raped her on the night of the party, causing her to break up with him. Olivia Baker finds a list with the names of all the people on the tapes, although she does not know what the list means.

Tape subject: Ostensibly Clay Jensen, for complying with Hannah's request to leave her alone at Jessica's party. However, Hannah is explicit in stating Clay is not included in the list, but is there because he must be, as he is part of the story.
1212'Tape 6, Side B'Jessica YuElizabeth BenjaminMarch 31, 2017

After accidentally losing her parents' store's earnings, a depressed Hannah stumbles upon a party being thrown by Bryce. The night ends in tragedy when she ends up alone with him, and he rapes her in his hot tub. This leads Hannah to create a list of people (the one that her mother found in the previous episode) who she feels were responsible for leading her to her current circumstances, which becomes the inspiration for the creation of the tapes. In the present, everyone on Hannah's list is subpoenaed to testify in the lawsuit between the Bakers and the school. The subjects of the tapes disagree over what to do. Tyler eventually suggests they pin everything on Bryce, but Alex refuses and says they should tell the truth. Sheri turns herself in. Clay goes to Bryce's house, on the pretext of buying marijuana, to confront him about the events of the night he raped Hannah. Clay provokes Bryce to attack him and is badly beaten. However, Clay has been secretly recording their conversation and gets Bryce to admit that he raped Hannah. An unknown teenager with a gunshot wound to the head is treated by paramedics.

Tape subject: Bryce Walker, for raping Hannah in his hot tub.
1313'Tape 7, Side A'Kyle Patrick AlvarezBrian YorkeyMarch 31, 2017

Hannah begins to record the tapes and then visits Mr. Porter to tell him about her rape as she secretly records the conversation, hoping he will help her. When he does not, she heads to a post office and mails the tapes to Justin Foley before going home and taking her own life by slitting her wrists. In the present, Clay gives Tony the tape of his conversation with Bryce to copy before confronting Mr. Porter about meeting with Hannah on her last day. As the depositions begin, Marcus and Courtney deny their involvement in Hannah's death as much as possible while Zach and Jessica admit their mistakes. Before his deposition, Tyler hides ammunition and guns in his room, and then reveals the existence of the tapes during his interview. Alex is revealed to have been the teenager with the gunshot wound as he is in critical condition at the hospital. Jessica finally tells her father about her rape while at school, Clay reaches out to Skye Miller, his former friend, to avoid repeating the same mistakes he made with Hannah.

Tape subject: Mr. Porter, for not believing Hannah was suicidal and for not giving her proper help.

Note:Netflix digitally altered the suicide scene in this episode on July 15, 2019.[24]

Season 2 (2018)[edit]

No.
overall
No. in
season
TitleDirected byWritten byOriginal release date
141'The First Polaroid'Gregg ArakiBrian YorkeyMay 18, 2018

Five months after the events of the first season, Hannah's trial moves to court. Tyler is the first to testify in the trial and does so truthfully. Skye and Clay are dating, but Clay starts to have hallucinations of Hannah. Mr. Porter confronts Bryce in the bathroom about raping Hannah. Jessica returns to school, as does Alex who survived his suicide attempt but has lost much of his memory from before it, including the contents of Hannah's tapes. Tony is given the note Hannah left him the night she died and is later seen burning it. Clay finds a Polaroid photograph in his locker, with a note saying 'Hannah wasn't the only one'.

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Testified: Tyler Down, who talks about taking photos of Hannah and attempting to befriend her.
152'Two Girls Kissing'Gregg ArakiThomas HigginsMay 18, 2018

Courtney reveals that she is a lesbian and had feelings for Hannah during her testimony. A group of protesters gathers at the court to demand justice for Hannah, but Jessica and Alex are both threatened to avoid revealing anything incriminating when they testify. Skye and Clay fight over her suspicion that Clay is still in love with Hannah, and Skye is hospitalized soon after leaving Clay's house. Meanwhile, Tyler befriends a classmate named Cyrus.

Testified: Courtney Crimsen, who talks about her feelings towards Hannah and their kiss.
163'The Drunk Slut'Karen MoncrieffMarissa Jo CerarMay 18, 2018

Clay, riding home on his bicycle, is hit intentionally by a car, injuring him slightly. He visits Skye in the hospital, but she breaks up with him. Clay and Alex try to encourage Jessica to reveal information about Bryce during her testimony, but she fails after seeing incriminating pictures of her stuck to the board in a classroom. Olivia asks her afterwards if she was the girl on the ninth tape, but Jessica does not answer. After discovering Jessica had been contacted by Justin, Clay finds him homeless in Oakland with Tony's help. With no other option, Clay lets Justin stay in his bedroom with him. Skye's parents move her to a psychiatric facility, and tell Clay not to contact her. Tyler meets the rest of Cyrus' friends while Bryce is asked to testify.

Testified: Jessica Davis, who talks about the hot-or-not list and hers and Hannah's friendship.
174'The Second Polaroid'Karen MoncrieffHayley TylerMay 18, 2018

Marcus lies about what happened with Hannah the night they went out on Valentine's Day during his testimony (in order to protect his reputation) and briefly mentions Bryce, angering him. Cyrus and Tyler hear of Marcus' lies and prank him, going to a nearby field afterwards to shoot guns. Clay finds out that Justin has been taking heroin and he and Sheri help him onto the path to sobriety. Jessica shows the threatening note she was left before her testimony to Mr Porter. Alex continues to be frustrated about not being able to remember anything and asks Clay for the tapes, who sends them to him. Jessica and Alex skip school and share a kiss. Clay also finds a second Polaroid photograph in his locker, which shows Bryce having sex with an unconscious girl, alongside a note saying 'he won't stop'.

Testified: Marcus Cole, who lies about what happened with Hannah the night they went out.
185'The Chalk Machine'Eliza HittmanNic SheffMay 18, 2018

Tyler is confronted by Mr. Porter, who suspects he was behind the pictures of Jessica found in the classroom before her testimony, but he denies involvement. Ryan testifies and talks about Hannah's poems, saying they were written about Justin and that she and Justin maintained contact even after falling out. Afterwards, Olivia invites Ryan to help her decipher Hannah's poems for additional clues, but Ryan soon leaves after Olivia mentions missing pages in Hannah's journal, which Ryan had torn out. Clay realizes the Polaroid photos were taken at school and attempts to find out where. Chlöe meets with Bryce's parents and his mother notices bruises on her. Jessica attends her first group therapy session. Mr. Porter finds a brick thrown through his car window, with a threatening note attached; he later confronts Justin's mother and is arrested after a violent incident with her boyfriend.

Testified: Ryan Shaver, who talks about the poems he wrote with Hannah and who she wrote them about.
196'The Smile at the End of the Dock'Eliza HittmanJulia BicknellMay 18, 2018

Zach testifies and reveals that he and Hannah had a romantic relationship the summer before she died, but they kept it secret. After the testimony, Clay reacts angrily and confronts Zach, ignoring his apologies, while Bryce teases Zach about his relationship, prompting a small fight between them. Justin returns to school and talks to Jessica, but she asks him to leave. He then faints after seeing Bryce, and on his return to Clay's house, has to hide as someone breaks in, at which point Clay's parents find out he has been staying there, but allow it to continue.

Testified: Zach Dempsey, who talks about his relationship with Hannah the summer before she died.
207'The Third Polaroid'Michael MorrisBrian YorkeyMay 18, 2018

During Clay's testimony, he is forced to reveal he and Hannah did drugs at a small party one night and spent the night together, and Clay ignored a comment Hannah made the next morning about wanting to die. Alex's birthday party at the arcade is derailed after a number of arguments break out. When Clay leaves the birthday party, he finds a Polaroid photograph left on his car, with a note reading 'The Clubhouse'. After reading comments posted online about his testimony, Clay anonymously uploads Hannah's tapes to the Internet. Meanwhile, Bryce is seen having sex with Chlöe without getting proper consent. The baseball team pays tribute to Jeff Atkins.

Testified: Clay Jensen, who talks about his friendship with Hannah.
218'The Little Girl'Michael MorrisFelischa MaryeMay 18, 2018

After the release of the tapes, Bryce returns to school to find his locker vandalized and his 'confession tape' Clay recorded being shared among students. After Marcus is blackmailed, he calls Bryce a rapist during a speech at a ceremony, in front of a large group of parents and students, in order to protect his own reputation. Clay finally contacts Skye again and meets with her at the psychiatric facility, but she tells him she is moving to a different state. Justin overdoses on heroin, but Alex saves his life – he then returns to his mother's home. The release of the tapes gets Clay in trouble with his parents.

Testified: Andy and Olivia Baker, who talk about Hannah's life and the bullying at Liberty High.
229'The Missing Page'Kat CandlerRohit KumarMay 18, 2018

When testifying, Mr. Porter reveals that since Hannah's death he has come to believe that Hannah was raped by Bryce. He then emotionally apologizes to Hannah's mother for the part he played in her suicide. Justin steals money from his mother's boyfriend, and when confronted by his mother, leaves her some suggesting she leave too in order to escape the relationship. Bryce confronts and threatens Clay under the assumption that it was Clay who blackmailed Marcus into publicly accusing Bryce of rape. Later, Clay is violently beaten at school by four masked students. He is then approached by Cyrus who invites him to join him and Tyler in vandalizing the school that evening, but when he does, he sees a group of students entering a storage shed next to the baseball field, which he correctly guesses is the location of The Clubhouse. He texts Justin and they reconvene. Meanwhile, Olivia contacts a girl, Sarah, and her mother and asks them not to testify.

Testified: Pam Bradley, who talks about the atmosphere at Liberty High, and Kevin Porter, who talks about the day Hannah asked help from him.
2310'Smile, Bitches!'Kat CandlerKirk MooreMay 18, 2018

Tony is asked to testify, but chooses not to reveal that Hannah left him her tapes because he owed her a favor after she helped him evade arrest. During Sarah's testimony, she reveals Hannah was part of a trio of girls who bullied her at another high school. After an argument between Tyler and Mackenzie, his friendship with Cyrus breaks down. Offering marijuana, Sheri tempts some male students into taking her to The Clubhouse, where Bryce takes a picture of her and two other boys on a Polaroid camera, placing the photograph in a box filled with many others. She learns the code to unlock the door and shares it with Clay and Justin. During a baseball game, Zach confronts Bryce, tells him he knows Hannah was not lying, and quits the game. He goes to The Clubhouse to find Clay and Justin there, and hands Clay the box of Polaroid photographs taken in the Clubhouse, confessing that it was him who had given Clay the first three photographs. Clay reviews the photographs at home with Justin and Sheri, and they find a pair of photographs which show Bryce raping Chlöe. Clay also finds a picture of Hannah.

Testified: Sarah, who talks about Hannah bullying her and Tony Padilla, who talks about his friendship with Hannah.
2411'Bryce and Chloe'Jessica YuMarissa Jo Cerar & Thomas HigginsMay 18, 2018

While testifying, Bryce lies and claims that he and Hannah had a casual sexual relationship, and that she falsely accused him of rape after he brought an end to it. When Bryce returns to school, Justin attacks him and a fight breaks out, which evolves into a mass brawl. Jessica shows Chlöe the two pictures of Bryce and her in The Clubhouse, and Chlöe confesses that she posted the pictures of Jessica in the classroom before she testified. Olivia, her legal team, and Jessica ask Chlöe to testify, and she agrees, but on the stand, she testifies that she remembers Bryce having sex with her and remembers consenting. The box of Polaroid photographs taken from The Clubhouse is stolen from Clay's car, and Alex is sent a package containing a gun and a threatening letter. Bryce's mother later asks him whether he was telling the truth in his testimony, and, after being pressed, he coldly confesses to raping Hannah. Flashbacks reveal that Bryce wanted a relationship with Hannah and was rejected himself. Clay becomes mentally tormented by hallucinations of Hannah, to the point where he contemplates both murdering Bryce and killing himself, but Justin manages to calm him down.

Testified: Bryce Walker, who lies about raping Hannah, and Chloe Rice, who talks about the clubhouse but also lies about being raped by Bryce.
2512'The Box of Polaroids'Jessica YuHayley Tyler & Brian YorkeyMay 18, 2018

Justin receives a death threat before going to testify, but he tells of Bryce raping Jessica during his testimony nonetheless. After Alex realizes that Montgomery is responsible for intimidating people during the trial, Alex, Clay, Justin, Tony, Zach, and Scott confront Montgomery and he admits to stealing the box of Polaroid photos. However, after Montgomery takes Alex to a deserted location to retrieve them, he reveals he was lying and escapes. As a result, Jessica is encouraged by her friends to report her case of sexual assault to the police. After the Baker trial concludes and the jury finds the school district not responsible for Hannah's death, both Bryce and Justin are arrested outside the courtroom for their involvement in Jessica's rape. Mr. Porter is fired after a performance review, and Tyler is placed on a diversion program after one of his social media posts reveals it was him who vandalized the school.

Testified: Justin Foley, who talks about his relationship with Hannah and confesses about Bryce raping Jessica.
2613'Bye'Kyle Patrick AlvarezBrian YorkeyMay 18, 2018
One month later, after Bryce's sexual assault trial for raping Jessica, Bryce is convicted but sentenced to only three months' probation. Justin is sentenced to six months' probation and can only be released to one of his parents, neither of whom can be found which leads Clay's family to adopt him. Tyler returns to school but is beaten and brutally sodomized by an enraged Montgomery and two of his friends. The following night, at a school dance, Jessica and Justin share an intimate encounter, and Chlöe tells Jessica she is pregnant. 'The Night We Met' plays and everyone dances with Clay. Tyler arrives at the dance planning to carry out a mass school shooting, but Clay learns of his plan, thanks to a text that Mackenzie received from Tyler. He then goes outside to confront him, encouraging him not to do it as peacefully disarms Tyler as Tony arrives to drive Tyler away in his car. As the car departs, sirens of the approaching police cars can be heard, and Clay is left holding Tyler's rifle in front of the school.

Season 3 (2019)[edit]

No.
overall
No. in
season
TitleDirected byWritten byOriginal release date
271'Yeah. I'm the New Girl'Michael MorrisBrian YorkeyAugust 23, 2019

Flashbacks: On the night of Spring Fling, Clay and Tony help Tyler get away and get rid of the weapons, while Justin, Zach and Cyrus cover for them with the police. The next day, Clay makes a schedule of the group monitoring Tyler and helping him get back to himself, though Zach refuses to participate. At school that day, Courtney has Clay give a tour of the school to a new transfer student, Ani Achola, who he forms a slight bond with and introduces to his friends. Later, during a student council meeting, Jessica blames athletes for being the cause of problems at the school. Ani, inspired by this, suggests that Jessica run for president, which Jessica agrees to, also becoming her friend.

Present: Clay is brought from school to the police station and questioned by Deputy Standall about Bryce Walker's disappearance. Principal Bolan reprimands Jessica over a riot that occurred at the homecoming game. Clay tells the others that Bryce is missing, putting some of them on edge.

Suspect: Clay Jensen because of his bicycle lock found in Bryce's room.
282'If You're Breathing, You're a Liar'Michael MorrisAllen MacDonaldAugust 23, 2019

Zach helps Chloe after her break up with Bryce.

Suspect: Zach Dempsey because of the gift Chlöe gave him.
293'The Good Person Is Indistinguishable from the Bad'Jessica YuHayley TylerAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Jessica Davis because of the letter Bryce wrote for her.
304'Angry, Young and Man'Jessica YuThomas HigginsAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Tyler Down because he still has a gun.
315'Nobody's Clean'Bronwen HughesTrevor Marti SmithAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Alex Standall because of the steroids found in Bryce's car.
326'You Can Tell the Heart of a Man by How He Grieves'Bronwen HughesMfoniso UdofiaAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Tony Padilla because of his Mustang being in Bryce's garage, Barry Walker because of the daughter he hides.
337'There Are a Number of Problems with Clay Jensen'Kevin DowlingJulia BicknellAugust 23, 2019
Suspects: Clay Jensen because of the security footage of Clay pointing a gun at Bryce; and Ani Achola because of her underwear being found in Bryce's room.
348'In High School, Even on a Good Day, It's Hard to Tell Who's on Your Side'Kevin DowlingFelischa MaryeAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Kevin Porter because he has the same notebook that Bryce has.
359'Always Waiting for the Next Bad News'Aurora GuerreroM.K. MaloneAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Justin Foley because he has Bryce's Oxycodone box, Seth Massey because he has Bryce's watch.
3610'The World Closing In'Aurora GuerreroTeleplay by : Allen MacDonald & Thomas Higgins & Hayley Tyler & Brian Yorkey
Story by : Rohit Kumar and Allen MacDonald & Thomas Higgins & Hayley Tyler
August 23, 2019
Suspect: Olivia Baker because of the voicemail she left to Clay saying Bryce deserved to die, and that she wishes she could kill him.
3711'There Are a Few Things I Haven't Told You'Kevin DowlingHelen ShangAugust 23, 2019
Suspect: Clay Jensen because of the text messages found on his phone.
3812'And Then the Hurricane Hit'Kevin DowlingTeleplay by : Allen MacDonald & M.K. Malone & Helen Shang
Story by : Thomas Higgins & Hayley Tyler & Trevor Marti Smith
August 23, 2019

Flashbacks: Clay watches Ani and Bryce kiss. Later, Bryce attacks Zach over Chloe, dislocating his knee and ending his football career. Ani spills red paint on herself and hurries home to remove it. Zach finds Bryce at the pier and attacks him. He throws his phone in the river and leaves Bryce to die while he reconciles with Chloe.

Present: Tyler convinces Clay to come to an assembly where Jessica apologizes for the protests. Tyler and Justin publicly reveal that they are sexual assault survivors. In private, Justin tells Jessica his childhood experience. Clay is arrested. Tyler reports his sexual assault to the police. Monty is arrested. Ani tells Jessica that she slept with Bryce. Zach surrenders to the police, believing he killed Bryce. Deputy Standall reveals that Bryce drowned. Zach is released, but charged for assault and battery.

Suspect: Ani Achola because of the red paint on her clothes.
3913'Let the Dead Bury the Dead'John T. KretchmerBrian YorkeyAugust 23, 2019
Flashbacks: Shortly following the Homecoming game, everyone's alibis are revealed: Tony was laundering money through the Mexican cartel for his deported family, Justin was dealing and going under the influence from drugs at the docks, and Monty is revealed to not have been at Charlie's house, but was sleeping with Winston. Bryce, having been abandoned at the pier, is met by both Alex and Jessica, who ignore Bryce's pleas for reformation, but hands Jessica a cassette tape. Alex helps him up, but when Bryce threatens retaliation against Zach, Alex becomes furious and pushes Bryce into the river, where he drowns. Jessica ends her relationship with Alex, after which she goes home and Alex meets with Tyler at Rosie's Diner.

Present: Ani tells the details of the circumstances leading to Bryce's murder to Deputy Standall, instead telling him that Monty was responsible for the murder, since Monty had threatened to kill Bryce earlier in the Homecoming game, and that he didn't have a strong alibi. Deputy Standall reveals that Monty was killed in his jail cell, to which Ani encourages Standall to close the case quickly by blaming the murder on a man already dead. Deputy Standall quickly deduces Alex was the killer, but doesn't mention anything, and burns all of Alex's clothes that he was wearing the night of Bryce's death. Clay and Mrs. Walker come to terms with each other, and Ani begins dating Clay. The group, who have agreed to cover up Alex's involvement as the killer, plays Bryce's tape, where he confesses to his rapes, but shows remorse for them and apologizes, although having come to terms that nobody will allow him to change. Tyler showcases his photography project at Monet's, as tribute for everyone who has helped him since his sexual assault. Meanwhile, Winston, angry over Monty's death, confronts Ani about lying to the police. Elsewhere, a fisherman finds the discarded bag of assault rifles that Clay, Tony and Tyler hid in the river during Spring Fling.

Suspect: Montgomery de la Cruz because of the fight he had with Bryce in the change rooms.

Production[edit]

Development[edit]

Universal Studios purchased film rights to the novel on February 8, 2011, with Selena Gomez cast to play Hannah Baker.[25] On October 29, 2015, it was announced that Netflix would be making a television adaptation of the book with Gomez instead serving as an executive producer.[26][27]Tom McCarthy was hired to direct the first two episodes.[28] The series is produced by Anonymous Content and Paramount Television with Gomez, McCarthy, Joy Gorman, Michael Sugar, Steve Golin, Mandy Teefey, and Kristel Laiblin serving as executive producers.[28]

On May 7, 2017, it was announced that Netflix had renewed the series for a second season, which was released on May 18, 2018.[29]

On June 6, 2018, Netflix renewed the series for a third season, which was released on August 23, 2019.[30]

On August 1, 2019, it was announced that the series had been renewed for a fourth and final season.[8]

Casting[edit]

In June 2016, Dylan Minnette, Katherine Langford, Christian Navarro, Alisha Boe, Brandon Flynn, Justin Prentice, Miles Heizer, Ross Butler, Devin Druid and Brian d'Arcy James were cast as the main leads.[19] In September, Amy Hargreaves, Kate Walsh and Derek Luke were cast.[17][18] Langford exited the show after the second season.

In September 2018, Timothy Granaderos and Brenda Strong were promoted to series regulars for season 3 after recurring in the previous seasons.[20] On September 5, 2019, Gary Sinise was cast as a series regular for the fourth season.[21]

In August 2017, Jake Weber, Meredith Monroe, R.J Brown, Anne Winters, Bryce Cass, Chelsea Alden, Allison Miller, Brandon Butler, Samantha Logan, Kelli O'Hara, and Ben Lawson were cast for season two.[22][23]

Filming[edit]

Filming for the series took place in the Northern Californian towns of Vallejo, Benicia, San Rafael, Crockett and Sebastopol during the summer of 2016.[31][32] The 13-episode first season and the special were released on Netflix on March 31, 2017.[33][34]Therapy dogs were present on set for the actors because of the intense and emotional content of the series.[35]

Filming for the second season began on June 12, 2017,[36] but was briefly halted in October in response to the then-ongoing Northern California wildfires happening around the areas where the series was being filmed.[37] Production on the second season wrapped in December 2017.[38] The second season was released on May 18, 2018.[39]

Filming for the third season began on August 12, 2018, but was halted due to another wildfire until December 17.[40] Filming was scheduled to be completed on February 6, 2019.[41]

Reception[edit]

Audience viewership[edit]

The marketing analytics firm Jumpshot determined the first season was the second-most viewed Netflix season in the first 30 days after it premiered, garnering 48% of the viewers that the second season of Daredevil received, which was the most viewed season according to Jumpshot. The series also showed an 18% increase in week-over-week viewership from week one to week two. Jumpshot, which 'analyzes click-stream data from an online panel of more than 100 million consumers', looked at the viewing behavior and activity of the company's U.S. members, factoring in the relative number of U.S. Netflix viewers who watched at least one episode of the season.[42]

Critical response[edit]

SeasonCritical response
Rotten TomatoesMetacritic
179% (62 reviews)[43]76 (17 reviews)[44]
225% (51 reviews)[45]49 (16 reviews)[46]
312% (17 reviews)[47]23 (4 reviews)[48]

Season 1[edit]

The first season has received positive reviews from critics, with much of the praise for the series being aimed at its acting (particularly that of Minnette, Langford, and Walsh), directing, story, visuals, improvements upon its source material, and mature approach to dark and adult subject matter. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 79% approval rating with an average rating of 7.14/10, based on 62 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, '13 Reasons Why complements its bestselling source material with a gripping look at adolescent grief whose narrative maturity belies its YA milieu.'[43]Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 76 out of 100, based on 17 critics, indicating generally favorable reviews.[44]

Jesse Schedeen of IGN praised 13 Reasons Why, giving it a 9.2 out of 10, 'Amazing', stating that the series is 'a very powerful and hard-hitting series' and 'ranks among the best high school dramas of the 21st century'.[49] Matthew Gilbert of The Boston Globe gave a glowing review for the series, saying, 'The drama is sensitive, consistently engaging, and, most importantly, unblinking.'[50] Maureen Ryan of Variety asserts that the series 'is undoubtedly sincere, but it's also, in many important ways, creatively successful' and called it 'simply essential viewing'.[51] Leah Greenblatt of Entertainment Weekly gave the entire season a score of B+, calling the series 'a frank, authentically affecting portrait of what it feels like to be young, lost and too fragile for the world'.[52] Daniel Feinberg of The Hollywood Reporter also praised the series, calling it 'an honorably mature piece of young-adult adaptation', and citing its performances, direction, relevance and maturity as some of the series' strongest points.[53]

The acting, particularly Katherine Langford as Hannah and Dylan Minnette as Clay, was frequently mentioned and widely lauded in several reviews. Schedeen of IGN praised the cast, particularly Minnette and Langford, stating: 'Langford shines in the lead role.. [and] embodies that optimism and that profound sadness [of Hannah's] as well. Minnette's Clay is, by design, a much more stoic and reserved character.. and does a fine job in what's often a difficult role.'[49] Gilbert of The Boston Globe praised the chemistry of Langford and Minnette, saying that 'watching these two young actors together is pure pleasure', while Schedeen of IGN also agreed, saying that they are 'often at their best together, channeling just the right sort of warm but awkward chemistry you'd expect from two teens who can't quite admit to their feelings for one another'. Feinberg of The Hollywood Reporter also praises both actors: 'Langford's heartbreaking openness makes you root for a fate you know isn't possible. The actress' performance is full of dynamic range, setting it against Minnette's often more complicated task in differentiating between moods that mostly go from uncomfortable to gloomy to red-eyed, hygiene-starved despair.'[53]

Ryan of Variety also gave praise to not only the two leads, but also the supporting cast of actors, particularly Kate Walsh's performance as Hannah's mother, which Ryan describes as 'career-best work'.[51] Positive mentions from various critics, such as Ryan, Feinberg and Schedeen, were also given to the supporting cast of actors (most particularly Alisha Boe, Miles Heizer and Christian Navarro's respective performances of Jessica, Alex and Tony). Liz Shannon Miller of Indiewire, who enjoyed the series and gave it a positive score of B+, gave praise to the racial, gender and complex diversity of its supporting cast of teens.[51][49][53][54]

Another aspect frequently mentioned within reviews was the series' mature and emotional approach to its dark and adult subject matter. This was favorably reviewed by critics, such as Miller of Indiewire, particularly her statement that 'the adult edges to this story ring with honesty and truth.'[54] Miller, and Feinberg of The Hollywood Reporter, also stated that the series can be difficult to watch at times,[53] while Schedeen of IGN states that it is 'an often depressing and even uncomfortable show to watch.. a pretty emotionally draining experience, particularly towards the end as the pieces really start to fall into place.'[49]

Numerous critics also praised several other aspects of the series. Feinberg highlighted the series' directors, saying: 'A Sundance-friendly gallery of directors including Tom McCarthy, Gregg Araki and Carl Franklin keeps the performances grounded and the extremes from feeling exploitative',[54] while Gilbert of The Boston Globe praised the storytelling: 'The storytelling techniques are powerful.. [as it] builds on the world established in the previous hour, as we continually encounter new facets of Hannah's life and new characters. The background on the show keeps getting deeper, richer.'[50]

Conversely, the series has also received criticism over its portrayal of teen angst. Mike Hale of The New York Times wrote a critical review, writing, 'the show doesn't make [Hannah's] downward progress convincing. It too often feels artificial, like a very long public service announcement.' He also criticized the plot device that has Clay listening to the tapes one by one instead of all in one sitting like the other teens did, which Hale felt was unbelievable: 'It makes no sense as anything but a plot device, and you'll find yourself, like Clay's antagonists, yelling at him to listen to the rest of tapes already.'[55]

Writing for The Guardian, Rebecca Nicholson praised some aspects of the series, including the performances from Minnette and Walsh, but was troubled by much of the plot, writing, 'a storyline that suggests the love of a sweet boy might have sorted all this out added to an uneasy feeling that stayed with me'. Nicholson was skeptical that the series would appeal to older viewers, unlike other series set in high school such as Freaks and Geeks and My So-Called Life: 'It lacks the crossover wit of its forebears.. It's too tied up in conveying the message that terrible behaviour can have horrible consequences to deal in any subtleties or shades of feeling. It's largely one-note – and that note is horrifying. 'It has to get better,' implores one student towards the end, but given its fairly open ending, an apparent season two setup, it does not seem as if there's much chance of that happening.'[56]

Washington Post television critic Hank Stuever wrote a negative review, finding 13 Reasons Why 'contrived' and implausible: 'There are 13 episodes lasting 13 super-sullen hours – a passive-aggressive, implausibly meandering, poorly written and awkwardly acted effort that is mainly about miscommunication, delivering no more wisdom or insight about depression, bullying and suicide than one of those old ABC Afterschool Specials people now mock for being so corny.' He also wrote that he found Hannah's suicide tapes 'a protracted example of the teenager who fantasizes how everyone will react when she's gone. The story.. strikes me as remarkably, even dangerously, naive in its understanding of suicide, up to and including a gruesome, penultimate scene of Hannah opening her wrists in a bathtub.'[57]

David Wiegand of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the series a tepid review, saying that it was plagued by character inconsistencies, particularly Hannah. He praised Langford's 'stunning performance' but noted, 'There are times when we simply don't believe the characters, when what they do or say isn't consistent with who we've been led to believe they are.. At times, [Hannah] is self-possessed and indifferent at best to the behavior of the popular kids. At other times, though, relatively minor misperceived slights seem to send her into an emotional tailspin. No doubt, teenagers embody a constant whirl of conflicting emotions, but the script pushes the bounds of credibility here and there.' He noted that overall, the series worked: 'The structure is gimmicky and the characters inconsistent, but there are still at least 13 Reasons Why the series is worthy.'[58]

Season 2[edit]

The second season received largely mixed to negative reviews from critics, with many praising the performances (particularly that of Boe, Luke, and Walsh) but criticism aimed at the poor execution of its topics; many declared it unnecessary.[59][60] Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 25% with an average rating of 5.31/10, based on 51 reviews. The site's critical consensus states, 'By deviating from its source material, 13 Reasons Why can better explore its tenderly crafted characters; unfortunately, in the process, it loses track of what made the show so gripping in the first place.'[45] On Metacritic the season has an average score of 49 out of 100, based on 16 critics, indicating 'mixed or average reviews'.[46]

Catherine Pearson from DigitalSpy wrote a negative review, calling the season 'even more problematic' than the first. She ends the review saying that, 'Unrelenting depression seems to shroud the season, briefly lifted only to collapse back down as the show's thirteenth episode, once again, delivers a deeply disturbing scene of suffering.'[61] Jordan Davidson from The Mighty wrote that he 'felt sick' after watching the final episode of the season.[62]

A scene in which the character Tyler is attacked and sexually assaulted during the finale also caused controversy from fans and critics of the series, with some describing it as 'unnecessary' and 'traumatizing'.[63] The series' showrunner has defended the scene, saying that it was included in an attempt to '[tell] truthful stories about things that young people go through in as unflinching a way as we can'.[64]

Season 3[edit]

Season 3 received overwhelmingly negative reviews by both critics and audiences, with criticism aimed at the lack of necessity, poor execution of its topics, including the rape of Tyler in the final episode of the previous season,[65][66] the new character of Ani,[67], the sympathetic redemption of Bryce[68] and conclusion. However, some praised the technical aspects and the performances (particularly that of Prentice, Druid and Granaderos).[69]

Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports an approval rating of 12%, with an average rating of 1.43/10, based on 16 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: '13 Reasons Why attempts to break away from its first two seasons only to become a melodramatic mess of a murder mystery.'[47]

On Metacritic the season has an average score of 23 out of 100, based on 4 critics, indicating 'generally unfavourable reviews'.[48]

Controversy[edit]

Rowan University's Counseling and Psychological Services office mocked the series with a campaign challenging students to come up with 1300 reasons not to kill themselves. The expressions of hope were hung in windows alongside mental health contact information.[70]

Some medical professionals, school officials, and others who work with youth said that the series violated guidelines for depicting suicide in the media, and was resulting in an increase in suicidal and self-harming behavior. Netflix responded by adding strong advisory warnings prior to the first, twelfth, and thirteenth episodes.

The superintendent of Palm Beach County, Florida schools reportedly told parents that their schools had seen an increase in suicidal and self-harming behavior from students, and that some of those students 'have articulated associations of their at-risk behavior to the 13 Reasons Why Netflix series'.[71]

The Australian youth mental health service for 12–25 year-olds, Headspace, issued a warning in late April 2017 over the graphic content featured in the series, due to the increased number of calls to the service following the series' release in the country. Netflix however, demonstrably complied with the Australian viewer ratings system, by branding the series as 'MA15+' when streamed via its own interface. They accompanied its presentation with additional warnings and viewer advice, and ensured that counselling referrals were included and not easily skipped at the conclusion of each episode. Each warning voice over is read by a different cast member at the end of the episode, with Katherine Langford reading in her native Australian accent in her voice-overs. [72][73][74]

In response to the graphic nature of the series and New Zealand's high youth suicide rate, which was the highest among the 34[a]OECD countries during 2009 to 2012,[76][77] the Office of Film & Literature Classification in the country created a new rating, 'RP18', allowing individuals aged 18 and over to watch the series alone and those below having to watch it with supervision from a parent or guardian.[78][79]

We stayed very true to the book and that's initially what [author] Jay Asher created was a beautifully tragic, complicated yet suspenseful story and I think that's what we wanted to do.. We wanted to do it justice and, yeah, [the backlash is] gonna come no matter what. It's not an easy subject to talk about, but I'm very fortunate with how it's doing.

—Executive producer Selena Gomez, in defense of the controversy surrounding the series[80]

In April 2017, the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) in the United States released a statement regarding the series, saying: 'Research shows that exposure to another person's suicide, or to graphic or sensationalized accounts of death, can be one of the many risk factors that youth struggling with mental health conditions cite as a reason they contemplate or attempt suicide.'[81] NASP sent a letter to school mental health professionals across the country about the series, reportedly a first for NASP in response to a television series.[82] The following month, the United States Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (SCCAP) released a statement also noting how strongly the series may serve as a trigger for self-injury among vulnerable youth. They lamented the depiction of mental health professionals as ineffective for youth who have experienced trauma and may have been considering suicide.[83] The statement implored Netflix to add a tag following each episode with mental health resources, and a reminder that depression and suicidal thoughts can be effectively treated by a qualified mental health professional, such as a clinical child psychologist, using evidence-based practice.

Similarly, clinical psychologists such as Daniel J. Reidenberg and Erika Martinez, as well as mental health advocate MollyKate Cline of Teen Vogue magazine, have expressed concerns regarding the risk of suicide contagion.[84][85][86] However, Eric Beeson, a counselor at The Family Institute at Northwestern University noted that 'it's unlikely that one show alone could trigger someone to attempt suicide.'[81] Mental health professionals have also criticized the series' depiction of suicide itself, much of which violates widely promulgated recommendations for reporting on actual suicides or not depicting them in fiction, in order to not encourage copycat suicides.[87] The season finale, which depicts Hannah's suicide in graphic detail, has been particularly criticized in this regard.[88] Nic Sheff, a writer for the series, has defended it as intended to dispel the myth that suicides 'quietly drift off', and recalled how he himself was deterred from a suicide attempt by recalling a survivor's account of how painful and horrifying it was.[89]

The NASP statement also criticized the series' suggestion that bullying alone led Hannah to take her life, noting that while it may be a contributing factor, suicide far more often results from the bullied person having a 'treatable mental illness and overwhelming or intolerable stressors', along with a lack of adequate coping mechanisms. Alex Moen, a school counselor in Minneapolis, took issue with the series' entire plotline as 'essentially a fantasy of what someone who is considering suicide might have—that once you commit suicide, you can still communicate with your loved ones, and people will suddenly realize everything that you were going through and the depth of your pain.. That the cute, sensitive boy will fall in love with you and seek justice for you, and you'll be able to orchestrate it, and in so doing kind of still be able to live.'[88] Other counselors criticized the depiction of Hannah's attempt to reach out to Mr. Porter as dangerously misleading, since not only does he miss obvious signs of her suicidal ideations, but says he cannot report her sexual assault to the police without her identifying the assailant. School counselors are often portrayed as ineffective or clueless in popular culture, Moen says, but Porter's behavior in the series goes beyond that, to being unethical and possibly illegal. 'It's ridiculous! Counselors are not police. We don't have to launch an investigation. We bring whatever information we do have to the police', she told Slate.[88]

In May 2017, the Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) along with the Centre for Suicide Prevention (CSP) released a statement with similar concerns to the ones raised by NASP. CMHA believed that the series may glamorize suicide, and that some content may lead to distress in viewers, particularly in younger viewers. Furthermore, the portrayal of Hannah's suicide does not follow the media guidelines as set out by the Canadian Association for Suicide Prevention (CASP) and the American Association of Suicidology. CMHA and CASP did praise the series for raising awareness about 'this preventable health concern,' adding that, 'Raising awareness needs to be done in a safe and responsible manner. A large and growing body of Canadian and international research has found clear links between increases in suicide rates and harmful media portrayals of suicide.' Ways in which the portrayals of suicide may cause harm, according to CMHA and CASP, include the following: 'They may simplify suicide, such as, by suggesting that bullying alone is the cause; they may make suicide seem romantic, such as, by putting it in the context of a Hollywood plot line; they may portray suicide as a logical or viable option; they may display graphic representations of suicide which may be harmful to viewers, especially young ones; and/or they may advance the false notion that suicides are a way to teach others a lesson.'[90][91] A 2019 study showed the overall suicide rate among 10- to 17-year-olds increased significantly in the month immediately following the release of the series.[92]

The release of 13 Reasons Why corresponded with between 900,000 and 1.5 million more suicide-related searches in the United States, including a 26% increase in searches for 'how to commit suicide,' an 18% increase for 'commit suicide,' and a 9% increase for 'how to kill yourself.'[93] After an initial spike in calls to Crisis Text Line after the first episode, there was an overall reduction in crisis call volume for the remainder of the series.[94] Although the link between searching for suicide information and suicide risk is unclear,[95] increases in self-harm admissions to one children's hospital were observed.[96][97][98][99][100]

The show's third season has been accused of promoting abortion and portraying pro-lifers in a negative light.[101][102][103]

Accolades[edit]

YearAwardCategoryNominee(s)ResultRef.
2017Gold Derby AwardsBreakthrough Performer of the YearKatherine LangfordNominated[104]
2018Golden Globe AwardsBest Actress – Television Series DramaKatherine LangfordNominated[105][106]
Guild of Music Supervisors AwardsBest Music Supervision in a Television DramaSeason KentWon[107]
Imagen AwardsBest Actor – TelevisionChristian NavarroNominated[108]
MTV Movie & TV AwardsBest Show13 Reasons WhyNominated[109]
Best Performance in a ShowKatherine LangfordNominated
NAACP Image AwardsOutstanding Directing in a Drama SeriesCarl Franklin for 'Tape 5, Side B'Won[110]
People's Choice AwardsThe Bingeworthy Show of 201813 Reasons WhyNominated[111]
The Drama Show of 201813 Reasons WhyNominated
The Drama TV Star of 2018Katherine LangfordNominated
The Show of 201813 Reasons WhyNominated
Satellite AwardsBest Actress in a Drama / Genre SeriesKatherine LangfordNominated[112]
Best Drama Series13 Reasons WhyNominated
Television Academy HonorsTelevision with a Conscience13 Reasons WhyWon[113]

Beyond the Reasons[edit]

With the release of the first season of the series, Netflix also released 13 Reasons Why: Beyond the Reasons, an aftershowdocumentary television film. The 29-minute documentary featured cast and crew of the series, and mental health professionals discussing their experiences working on the four series and dealing with different issues, including bullying, depression and sexual assault. Two more Beyond the Reasons specials were released with the second and third seasons respectively.[114][115][116]

Soundtrack[edit]

The soundtrack for each season includes Gomez's cover of 'Only You' and Lord Huron's 'The Night We Met' (the song played at Clay and Hannah's prom) alongside tracks from The Cure and Joy Division.[117][118][119][120]

References[edit]

Thirteen Reasons Why Online Pdf Free

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  120. ^[4]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^The 2009–2012 data exclude Latvia, which became the 35th OECD member country on July 1, 2016.[75]

See also[edit]

  • Spotlight, Tom McCarthy's 2015 Oscar-winning film similar in content
  • The Doom Generation, Greg Araki's 1995 film similar in content
  • Peyton Place, both the 1956 novel and 1957 film adaptation similar in content
  • Degrassi: The Next Generation, similar in content
  • Euphoria, similar in content
  • Echo and the Bunnymen, music (original and/or covered versions) featured in the show

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 13 Reasons Why.

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  • 13 Reasons Why on Netflix
  • 13 Reasons Why on IMDb
  • 13 Reasons Why at Rotten Tomatoes
  • 13 Reasons Why at TV.com
  • What We Wish They Knew: 13 Reasons Why – support resources organized by episode and topic, curated by HGAPS and SCCAP

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